What hard skills do you need to be a full stack developer?
A full stack developer is the key person involved in producing a website or app. They have a deep influence over every step of the development process, from the creation all the way through to the final launch.
A full stack developer’s responsibilities include:
establishing clear expectations and requirements for the project through communication with clients and stakeholders Analysing those requirements and creating a project plan
Collaborating with a graphic design team to develop concepts and prototypes
Utilizing web-building programming languages to create platforms that are accessible to customers Coding across multiple platforms and programming languages
Building database and server architecture
Putting the website or app's responsiveness to the test for end users. Software optimization testing and debugging Modifying codes using hardware and software
Managing databases and servers
Learning about emerging technologies
Understanding the vision of their company/business
What hard skills do you need to be a full stack developer?
To have a career in full stack development, you need experience and a sound general knowledge across a wide range of tech disciplines, in addition to a specialisation in at least two of these disciplines.
While a full stack developer’s technical skill set is multifaceted, those skills can generally be broken down into two distinct groups: front-end development and back-end development.
Skills for front-end development Here are some of the technical skills needed to be a successful frontend developer:
Web design As they work on the layout of the platform, frontend developers are also skilled web designers, creating graphics and visual themes. As a result, they must be familiar with design software like Photoshop and Illustrator. Frontend development is all about the user side of the website or application. As a result, a front-end developer must take into account the layout and design, including the placement of text and images, fonts, buttons, and colors. The platform they are developing must be visually appealing while also being simple to use and navigate. UX design
When it comes to web and software development, frontend developers need to be able to assess the visual impact and intuitive feel of a website or application, while understanding the technical framework that underpins the design element. Additionally, consumers must be aware of the fundamentals of responsive design as they access websites and apps on a variety of devices. Debugging and testing A crucial sub-section of UX, testing and debugging is the process of examining blocks of code within a website or app to detect and remove errors. Testing frameworks are developed for each particular programming language – it’s important for a frontend developer to have the ability to easily adapt these frameworks.
Managed version control With so many complex changes being constantly made during the development process, the ability to hit ‘reset’ and revert to a previous version is key. This is known as version control management. Git is the most widely used version control management system among frontend developers. Any frontend developer needs to be able to use it effectively. Programming languages
There are three primary coding languages that make up the fundamentals of frontend development:
HTML
Hyper Text Markup Language – or HTML for short – is the foundation of every website or app. Similar to the scaffolding that defines a website's link between pages, it is The elements of HTML label content to create a structure and instruct the browser on how to display the website. For instance, HTML will tell the browser how to display the page by separating the headline from the paragraph. Having a good knowledge of HTML is the starting point for anyone looking to become a full stack or frontend developer.
CSS
Alongside HTML, CSS – or cascading style sheets – is the cornerstone of full stack development. While HTML provides the structure, CSS brings the visual design of the website or app to life. This includes everything from layout and colours to fonts and themes.
JavaScript
JavaScript is the magic that makes things happen, just like CSS is the artistic decoration and HTML is the scaffolding that supports a website. It’s the essential scripting language that takes a platform and makes it interactive. To make a website or app that works and is easy to use, you need to know a lot about JavaScript and how to write it cleanly and effectively. Skills for developing the backend Here are some of the technical skills needed to be a successful backend developer:
Data structures and algorithms
Having a general grasp of hashcode implementations, data sorting, linear and binary search, stacks, queues, lists and other structures and algorithms is a fundamental backend development skill.
Systems for managing databases Backend developers use database management systems, or DBMSs, to make sense of the large amounts of information stored in websites. Database management systems such as PostgreSQL, Oracle and AWS DynamoDB are very useful to know for any backend developer, as they can be used to handle large amounts of data, while they also use cache for smaller sets of data for individual users.
Server management
Being able to monitor, manage and maintain the applications that host the database and serve the website is a crucial element of backend development. This can involve maintenance of hardware and software, as well as security and backups.
Programming languages
There are a few essential programming languages that all backend developers should know, as well as a few complementary languages that are very useful to learn. The four fundamental programming languages for backend development are:
Python – The world’s most popular programming language, Python supports multiple programming styles and handles complex projects with ease. It is open-source, easy to use, and comes with a plethora of frameworks and libraries. While Python is great for both frontend and backend development, its simple syntax and widespread server-side use make it a key programming language for backend development.
Simply put, Python is an indispensable tool for any full stack developer and one of the first skills that you need to learn.
JavaScript – Yes, JavaScript. It’s not a mistake. This language, which is the only one that the browser understand (and therefore, by default, the “only front-end language”) can also be used thanks to Node JS and other environments. It offers a versatile way of building server code and scales nicely, to the point that it’s used by many large scale websites. Because of its universal syntax, this is an excellent place to begin for any front-end developer interested in moving into backend development. This makes JavaScript one of the most popular language for Full Stack developers.
Java – Used to build entire applications from scratch, Java is one of the central programming languages from a backend developer’s point of view. It automates true garbage collection and memory management, while also allowing you to safely modify a program while it’s still running. Highly scalable and portable, Java is extremely fast and adept at developing robust applications.
PHP – A widely-used, server-side scripting language, PHP – or hypertext preprocessor – is suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML. Its main use is to automate routine tasks to improve the performance and functionality of an application. It’s a great programming language for beginner backend developers, as it’s open-source and easy to learn.
Some of the other useful backend development programming languages are:
Ruby – A simple, dynamic, open-source programming language, with a syntax that is readable and easy to write. Its popular development framework, Ruby on Rails, really showcases that brilliant simplicity.
C++ is a powerful programming language that runs faster than the majority of other languages, is extremely adaptable, and has many features.
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